S

SABRE (Semi-Automatic Business-Related Environment), 2089
SAGE (Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) computer, 2048
Salsberg, Arthur, 272
Scaling circuits, 113
Scheutz, Edvard, 5657
Scheutz, Pehr Georg, 5557
Scheutz Difference Engine, 5558
Schickard, Wilhelm, 1522

calculator and (see Schickard’s Calculating Clock)
map of, 17

Schickard’s Calculating Clock, 20, 21, 27
Schreyer, Helmut, 9395
Scientific American, cover of, (1890), 76
Scott, Mike, 281
Seaton, Charles W., 71
Seaton device, 7172
Semiconductor firms. See Fairchild Semiconductor; Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory
Semiconductors

definition of, 225
transistors and, 22628

Serial access retrieval, 72
Shannon, Claude E., 100101
Shaw, Robert, 157
Sheppard, Bradford, 157
Shockley, WIlliam, 22728, 23940
Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory, 23941
Short Code, UNIVAC’s, 213
Signetics, 259
Silicon, research on, 22627
Silicon transistors, 235, 24144
Silicon Valley, 241, 260
Sims, John, 157
Slide rule, invention of circular and rectilinear, 1113
Smith, George A., 151
Smoliar, Gerald, 157
Solid-state physics, 239
Solomon, Leslie, 272
Speedcoding, 215
Sperry Corporation, merger with Rand by, 217
Sperry Rand Corporation, 217, 257, 259

patent suits and, 220, 222

Sprague Electric Company, 242
SSEC (Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator), 18889
Stanhope, Charles (Third Earl), 37
Steckler, Larry, 269
Steiger, Otto, 80
Stein, Paul, 154
Stepped Reckoner, 3135
Stibitz, George, 137

background of, 99100
complex number calculator and, 101102, 139
UNIVAC and, 158

Storage, in Analytical Engine, 6061
Stored-program computer See Eckert, J. Presper, Jr.; EDVAC; Mauchly, John W.
Stored-program parallel processor. See IAS computer
Stored programs, conception of, 13336
Straus, Henry L., 16162
Strings, 95
Subroutines

definition of, 213
example of, 64

Subtraction, nines complement method for, 25
Supercomputer, definition of, 218
Sweeney, Harold, 163
Symbolic language, and Mark I, 212
Symbolic logic. See Boolean algebra